Turbine.



H. F. KALVELAGE.

TURBINE.

APPLIUATIOH FILED JULY 15, 1912.

Patented June 23, 1914.

2 SHEETSBHEET 1.

fiElllllL INVENTOR: 5. 7

A TTOHIVEY.

H. P. KALVELAGE.

TURBINE.

APPLICATION rump JULY 15, 1912.

Patented Juhe 23, 1914,

2 SHEETBBH-EBT 2.

A TTOHNEY,

HENRY F. KALVELAGE, OF PORTLAND, OREGON.

TURBINE.

- Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed July 15, 1912. 7 Serial No. 709,499.

Patented June 23, 1914.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, HENRY F. KALVELAGE, acitizen of the United States, residing at Portland, in the county of Multnomah and State of Oregon, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Turbine-Engines, of which the following is a specification.

My present invention has to do with fluid ressure engines of the turbine type; and it has for its object to provide such an engine possessedof high efliciency.

To the attainment of the foregoing object, the invention consists in the peculiar and advantageous disks and the relative arrangement of the same in a casing as hereinafter described and definitely claimed.

In the accompanying drawings which are hereby made a part hereof, Figure 1 is an elevation of three compounded engines arranged to drive a common shaft. Fig. 2 is a section taken in the plane indicated by the line 11 of Fig. 1, looking toward the left. Fig; 3 is an enlarged diametrical section showing a turbine engine constructed in accordance with my invention and also illustrating the provision for the exhaust of steam or other expansive fluid adjacent TE-the center of movement of the disks. Fig.

[Axis a section taken at a right angle to 'f'Fig. 3 and showing the means for conduct- "ing. expansive agent into the chamber.v Fig. 5: is a detail view, partly in section and' partly in elevation, showing the spaced disks ffix'ed to the shaft.

tio'n-{showing portions of a group of disks on the. shaft and alsoshowing the manner Fig. 6 is a detail secin which the disks diverge toward their center of movement. Fi 7 isa perspective of one of the peculiar and advantageous disks.

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in allof the views of the drawings. I

In furtherance of my invention one or a plurality of casings h are suitably supported about a shaft 0, journaled in boxings or standards a or otherapproved supporting means. The said casings h are identical in construction and therefore, a detailed description of the one shown in Figs. 3 and 4 will sufiice to impart a definite understanding of all. The specific casingreferred to is provided with central lateral projections from which lead exhaust conduits 7c and m.

The said casing is also connected to conduits z and 7' adapted to be connected with a source of steam or other fluid pressure supply, the conduits i being employed when the shaft 0 is to be rotated in one direction, and the conduits j when the shaft is to be rotated in the opposite direction.

Disposed in the casings h and fixed b means of a. pin e and a key f on the shaft 0 and between collars 9, Fig. 3, are disks a which constitute the rotor of the engine. The said disks (rare concavo-convex and are retained in spaced relation on the shaft 0 by collars (Z. It will also be manifest by reference to Fig. 3 that the groups of disks a at opposite sides of the vertical center of the engine are reversely arranged so that the concave-sides of all the disks will be toward said center.- It will also be manifest by comparison of Figs. 3 and 6 that'I prefer to separate the two groups of reversely arranged disks a by a vertical central and conve-xoconvox disk, and by reference to Figs. 4 and 7 it will be seen that each concavo-convex disk at is provided with three (more or less) apertures 12 for the passage of steam or other expansive agent to the ex haust conduits 7c and m. The steam inlet conduits are arranged tangentially to the rected against movable vanes or buckets and I more or less. of an eddy is formed at the rear of the buckets and the said turbines cannot be reversed. Moreover in some turbines a smooth fiat disk has been employed in combination with a drum and a central shaft. This type is objectionable since only a small portion of the disk surfaces is in actual contact with the expansive agent employed. Again some turbines include smooth flat disks so arranged as to exhaust at or adjacent their center of movement. This type depends altogether upon the viscosity of the fluid under pressure intensified to a greater or less extent by the velocity with which the fluid under pressure strikes or is directed against the disks. These turbines are open to objection because they cannot attain maximum effieiency owing to the fact that the viscosity of the fluid under pressure only is utilized, and no resistance is of fered to the free passage of the fluid under pressure between the disks. In my invention the disks a diverge from their periphviding the proper relative clearance. Thus the increased volume of available space toward the center of the disks is proportionate to the increasing volume of expansive agent, and in addition the ooncavo-convexsurfaces of the disks utilize to advantage the viscosity of the expansive agent. 5 The concavo-convex disks are highly eflioient since they are calculated to laterally deflect the course of the agent employed, and allow such agent to exhaust at an obtuse angle instead of at a right angle as is the case of turbines extant. This obviates the objectionable back pressure, and the peculiar outline of the concavo-convex disks also affords a large Working surface and resistance, and intensifies the viscosity of the expansive agent employed.

The arrangement of the reversely arranged disks at opposite sides of the vertical center of the engine renders the rotor balanced at all times since the pressure on one side thereof will be counteracted by the pressure on the other side, the tangential disposition of the supply conduits obviating side pressure incidental to the admission of the expansive agent. Moreover it Will be manifest that my novel turbine will develop as much power running backward as when running forward; also the turbine can be compounded to the extent desired.

It will, of course, be understood that by an obvious reversal in the arrangement of the fluid inletsand outlets the device may be used as a pump for water, air or any other fluid voluble substance.

Having described my invention, what I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1 The combination in a turbine engine, of a shaft, a casing surrounding the same and having inlet and exhaust ports for fluid so under pressure, and concavo-convex disks fixed on the shaft and disposed in the casing.

2. The combination in a turbine engine, of a shaft, a casing surrounding the shaft and having inlet and exhaust ports for fluid un- 5 der pressure, and reversely arranged sets of concavo convex disks fixed on the shaft and disposed in the casing and having their convexed sides outermost.

3. In a turbine engine, the combination of a shaft, a casing surrounding the same and having exhaust ports adjacent its center and longitudinall disposed inlet ports in its peripheral portion, a vertical central disk fixed on the shaft and disposed! in the casing, and sets of reversely arranged concavo-convex disks fixed on the shaft and disposed in the. casing at opposite sides of the first named disk and having ports adjacent their center of movement.

4:. In an elastic fluid-turbine, a rotor disk having a concaved face to receive the impelling force of the fluid.

5. In an elastic fluid turbine, a rotor including a plurality of concavo-convex disks arranged sld'e by side and having their concaved sides facing ina common direction.

'6. In an elastic fluid turbine, a rotor including a plurality of concavo-convex disks arranged side by side and having their concaved sides facing in a common direction, said disks being arranged to diverge between their peripheries and centers.

7 In an elastic fluid turbine, a rotor including two sets of concavo-convex disks, the disks of each set having their concaved sides facing in the same direction, and the disks of the two sets having their concaved sides facing 1n opposite directions.

8. In an elastic fluid turbine, a rotor comprising two sets of concavo-convex disks, and an intermediate disk, the concaved sides of one set of disks facing in one direction and the concaved sides of the other set of disks facing in the opposite direction.

9. In an elastic fluid turbine, a shaft, a 5 plurality of concavo-convex disks fixed to the shaft, said disks having their concaved sides facing in a common direction, a casing inclosing said disks, means for supplying an elastic motive fluid at or adjacent to the peripheries of said disk, and means for exhausting said fluid at or near the centers of motion of said disks.

10. In an elastic fluid turbine, a shaft, a

plurality of concavo convex disks fixed to the shaft and havin their concaved sides facing in a common direction, a casingsurrounding the disks, said disks being provided at or near their centers With exhaust ports, means for admitting fluid pressure to the casing at or near the peripheries of said disks, and means for exhausting the spent fluid from the casing.

11. In an elastic fluid turbine, a shaft, a plurality of sets of concavo-convex disks fixed to the shaft, an intermediate disk separating said sets of concavo-convex disks from each other, the said concavo-convex disks being provided with exhaust ports at or near their centers, a casing surrounding 3,0

the shaft and sets of disks and having lateral exhaust ports at opposite sides thereof, and means for admitting fluid pressure to the casing at or adjacent to the peripheries of the sets of disks.

12. In an elastic fluid turbine, a rotor disk to receive the impelling force of the fluid, said disk being of concavo-convex form.

13. In an elastic fluid turbine, a rotor disk having a concaved face to receive the impeliing force of the fluid, means for supplying the fluid for impingement against said concaved face at or adjacent to the periphery of said disk, and means for exhausting the fluid at or near the center of motion of side by side and diverging from their peripheries toward their center of motion, means for supplying an expansive fluid agent at or near the peripheries of said disks, and means for exhausting the spent fluid at or near the center of motion of the disks.

15. In an elastic fluid turbine, a rotor in cluding a plurality of concavo-convex disks, disposed side by side, said disks having their concaved sides facing in a common direction, and being arranged to diverge between their peripheries and centers, means for supplying an expansive fluid agent at or near the peripheries of said disks, and means for exhausting the spent fluid at or adjacent to the centers of the disks.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two Witnesses.

HENRY F. KALVELAGE.

Witnesses:

JOHN J. BECKMAN, FREDERICK P. RoNDEAU. 

